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A-Level Biology OCR A

Circulation Closed Open Blood Similarities Differences Involve Vessels

Both open and closed circulatory systems utilize a pump (heart) and a transport medium within some vessels. Key differences include blood being enclosed within vessels in closed systems versus bathing organs directly in open systems, the presence of capillaries in closed systems, oxygen transport by blood in closed systems, and higher pressure in closed circulation.

Both open and closed circulatory systems utilize a pump (heart) and a transport medium within some vessels. Key differences include blood being enclosed within vessels in closed systems versus bathing organs directly in open systems, the presence of capillaries in closed systems, oxygen transport by blood in closed systems, and higher pressure in closed circulation.

Front Draw a table to show the similarities & differences between open and closed circulatory systems.
Back Open & closed circulation:

SimilaritiesDifferences
  • Both involve a pump organ (heart)
  • Both involve a transport medium and some blood vessels
  • In open circulation - haemolymph bathes organs and tissues directly, in closed circulation blood circulates within closed vessels and body cells do not come into contact with blood directly
  • A capillary system is found in closed circulation and not in open circulation
  • Haemolymph in open circulation does not carry oxygen, blood in  closed circulation does
  • In closed circulation blood is at a higher pressure than in open circulation
  • Open circulation occurs in invertebrates like insects, closed circulation in all vertebrates

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