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A-Level Biology OCR A

Exchange Gas Adaptations Insect Oxygen Surface Area Tracheae

Adaptations of the insect gas exchange system include adjustable spiracles, large surface area from branching tracheae, short diffusion distances in tracheoles, and ventilation maintained by muscle movement.

Las adaptaciones del sistema de intercambio gaseoso de los insectos incluyen espiráculos regulables, la gran área de superficie de las tráqueas ramificadas, la corta distancia de difusión de los traqueolas y la ventilación mantenida por el movimiento muscular.

Front Describe the adaptations of the insect gas exchange system that make it an efficient exchange surface.
Back Adaptations of insect gas exchange system:
  • Spiracles for air to diffuse in, can be opened and closed to minimise water loss when oxygen demand low
  • High surface area for gas exchange due to branching of tracheae
  • Tracheoles - single cells - short diffusion distance
  • During exercise, muscle movements ventilate tracheae and maintain concentration gradient
  • During exercise, lactic acid draws out more tracheal fluid which increases surface area for oxygen absorption

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