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A-Level Biology OCR A

Sympathetic Parasympathetic Responses Bp Pupil Sweat Short Long

The sympathetic system causes fight or flight responses (increased BP, pupil dilation) with short preganglionic and long postganglionic neurons, using ACh at ganglia and noradrenaline at effectors. The parasympathetic system causes relaxing responses (decreased BP, pupil constriction) with long preganglionic and short postganglionic neurons, using ACh at both.

El sistema simpático induce respuestas de 'lucha o huida' (aumento de la presión arterial, dilatación pupilar) y tiene neuronas preganglionares cortas y posganglionares largas, usando acetilcolina en ganglios y noradrenalina en efectores. El sistema parasimpático induce respuestas de relajación (disminución de la presión arterial, constricción pupilar) y tiene neuronas preganglionares largas y posganglionares cortas, usando acetilcolina en ambos.

Front Compare the structure and function of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
Back Sympathetic vs parasympathetic:
  • Sympathetic causes fight or flight responses (increased BP, pupil dilation, increased sweat production), parasympathetic causes relaxing responses (decreased BP, pupil constriction, decreased sweat production)
  • Sympathetic has short pre-ganglionic, long post-ganglionic neurones, parasympathetic has long ganglionic, short post ganglionic neurones
  • Sympathetic uses acetylcholine at ganglia & noradrenaline at effectors, parasympathetic uses acetylcholine for both

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