Question

49. lat [L]=

Accepted Answer

to carry, to bring, to bear 持，带，负
在常用词translate, relate, superlative 和legislate 中，词根lat 来自拉丁动名词latum，本意是
to carry（持）；to bring（带）或to bear（担负，产生）。读者也许还记得：词根fer 与此同
义。其实，lat 正是不规则拉丁动词ferre 的动名词词干。由于lat 的形态与fer 相去甚远，又
有相当强的孳生能力，所以把它作为常用词根，单独处理。

translate [trans-=from……to……自……到……；lat=to carry 持，送；-e→“to carry an idea from
a language to another 把意思从一种语言传送到另一种语言”→] v. render 翻译：to translate an
English essay into Chinese 把英语论文译成汉语

▽translation [translat(e);-ion n.] n.翻译；译文
translator [translat(e)-or n.] n.翻译者；译员
translative [translat(e);-ive a.] a.翻译的

relate [re-=back, again 回，再；lat=to bring 带；-e→“to bring back in mind so as to say again
带回脑中以便重提”→] v.① recount;tell 叙述；讲：He related his family history.他讲了自己
的家史。② bring back into connection 使联系：to relate the result with the cause 把结果与原
因联系起来

▽relation [relat(e);-ion n.] n.联系；关系；叙述
relative [relat(e);-ive a./n.] a.相关的n.亲戚；关系词

superlative [super-=above 在……之上；lat=to carry 送；-ive a.=having the quality 有……性质
的→“being carried above the others 被送到他物之上的”→]Ⅰa. of the highest degree 最高级
的：superlative wisdom 极高的智慧→Ⅱn. adjective or adverb in the superlative degree（形容
词或副词的）最高级形式：“Coldest”is a superlative.“Coldest”是个最高级形容词。

legislate [legis=law 法律；lat=to bring or bear 携带，产生；-e→“to bring forth or bear laws 产
生法律”→] v. make laws 立法：In the United States, the Congress legislates.美国国会立法。

▽legislature [legislat(e);-ure n.] n.立法机关

ablation [ab-=away 离开；lat=to carry 拿；-ion n.=the act 表行为→“carrying away (some part of
the body) 取走（身体某部分）”→] n. removal of any part of body in surgery 外科切除术：the
ablation of a kidney 肾切除手术

▽ablate [由ablation 逆生的动词] v.切除

collate [col-(com-)=together 一起；lat=to bring 拿；-e→“to bring together for comparison 拿到
一起比较”→] v. examine and compare as booksand manuscripts 校对；核对：Please collate the
document with its draft.请把文件与草稿核对一下。

▽collation [collat(e);-ion n.] n.核对
collator [collat(e);-or n.] n.校对者

delate [de-=down 下来；lat=to bring 带，送；-e→“to bring somebody down 使某人变得卑微”
→] v. charge with a crime 控告，告发：He delated a robbery.他告发了一件抢劫案。

▽delation [delat(e);-ion n.] n.告发
delator [delat(e);-or n.] n.告发者

illation [il-(in-)=to 到；lat=to bring 带，引；-ion n.=the act 表行为→“bringing to a conclusion
引到结论”→] n. inference 推论，演绎：a fair illation 公正的推论

▽illative [il-;lat;-ive a.] a.推论的；演绎的

Bring N Carry V Bear Superlative Translate Relate