Question

48. jur, just [L]=

Accepted Answer

law, right 法律，正义
在常用词jury（陪审团）和just（公正的）中可以找到一对拉丁词根，它们都来自拉丁名词
jus（法律）。作为名词性的词根，jur 来自jus 的单数属格juris，意思是law（法律）；作为动
词性词根jur 来自jurer，意为to swear，即在法庭上“发誓”。just 来自与jus 相应的形容
词justus，意为right 或justice 即“公正”。因为，在古罗马人看来法律即代表着公正。

jury [jur=to swear by law 发誓；-y n.→“group of people to swear at court 在法庭上发誓的一群
人”→] n. twelve people who are sworn to decidea case at court 陪审团：The jury found her not
guilty.陪审团判她无罪。

▽juryman [jury;man n.] n.陪审团一员，陪审员
juror [jur(y);-or n.] n.陪审员；（竞赛时）评奖人

jurist [jur=law 法律；-ist n.=person engaged in 从事……者→“person engaged in law 从事法律
工作的人”→] n. an expert in law, esp. a judge 法学家，律师，法官：This case challenged a lot
of jurists to find an answer.该案使许多法学家苦寻对策。

▽juristic [jurist;-ic a.] a.法学家的；法律的

injury [in-=not 不；jur=right 公正；-y n.=the result 表行为结果→“the result of being not right
不公正的结果”→] n. harm or wrong done 损害，损伤：He never did injury to others.他从不做
损人的事。

▽injure [in-;jur;-e] v.损害，损伤
injurious [inju(y);-i-;-ous a.] a.有害的，致伤的；中伤的

jurisdiction [juris=law 法律；dict=to say 说；-ion n.=-ing 表行为→“saying by law 依法说话”
→ ] n. the right or authority to administer justice 司法， 司法权： A country's courts have
jurisdiction over all citizens.一国法庭对全体公民有司法权。

▽jurisdictional [jurisdiction;-al a.] a.司法的，司法权的

justice [just=right 正义；-ice n.=the quality 表性质→] n.① righteousness, fairness 正义，公平：
sense of justice 正义感② judgement by judical process 司法，审判：The courts administer
justice.法院负责司法。

▽justiciary [justic(e);-i-;-ary a.] a.司法上的
justiciable [justic(e);-i-;-able a.] a.应受法院审判的
injustice [in-;justice] n.不公平；不公正

justify [just=right 正当；-ify v.=to cause 使→“to cause to be right 使正当”→] v.① prove to be
right or reasonable 证明……正当或有理：The best quality of the goods justifies its high cost.货
物品质优良说明它价格高得有道理。② defend as permitted 为……辩解：to justify one's
actions 为自己的行为辩解

▽justification [justif(y);-ication n.] n.证明为正当；辩护
justifiable [justif(y);-i-;-able a.] a.可证明为正当的；有理的

adjust [ad-=to 向；just=right 正确→“to the right condition 向正确的状况”→] v. change so as to
be better 调整，调节：to adjust the picture on the television 调好电视图像

▽adjustment [adjust;-ment n.] n.调整，调节；核准
adjustant [adjust;-ant n.] n.助手
adjustable [adjust;-able a.] a.可调整的；可核准的

N Law Justice Jury Swear People Court Case