Question

16. claim, clam [L]=

Accepted Answer

to call out 喊
claim 和clam 都源于拉丁动词clamare，意为to call out 或to shout（喊叫）。claim 是不定式
词干在英语中的重读形式，用来构成动词；clam 是动名词词干，只出现于相应的名词和形
容词中。

claim [claim=to call out 呼喊→“to speak loudly for one's own interest 为自己的利益而呼喊”
→] v. demand as one's due or property 要求；索取：We have claimed compensation for the losses
from the foreign company.我们已向外国公司提出索赔要求。

▽claimer [claim;-er n.] n.根据权利提出要求者
claimable [claim;-able a.] a.可要求的；可认领的

disclaim [dis-=to undo 做相反之事；claim v. 要求，索取→“to undo that of claiming 做与要求
或索取相反的事”→] v. deny;disavow 否认；抵赖：He disclaimed his responsibility for the
accident.他否认自己对事故负有责任。

▽disclaimer [disclaim;-er n.] n.否认者

declaim [de-=completely 完全地；claim=to call out 叫喊→“to call out or speak loudly 喊话；大
声说话”→] v. give a formal speech 演讲：The candidates declaimed against the government. 竞
选人发表演说责难政府。

▽declaimer [declaim;-er n.] n.演讲者；朗诵者

declamation [declaim 的对应名词：declam=to declaim 演讲；-ation n.=the act 表行为→] n.①
the act or art of declaiming 演讲； 雄辩术② formal speech 正式演说： to deliver a long
declamation 发表长篇演说

declamatory [declaim 的对应形容词：declam=to declaim 演说；-atory a.=characterized by 有……
特点的→ ] a. ① characterized by declaiming 演说的② bombastic 夸夸其谈的： long and
declamatory speech 夸夸其谈的长篇大论

exclaim [ex-=out 出；claim=to call or shout 喊→“to call or shout out 喊出来”→] v. cry out
suddenly from pain, anger, surprise, etc.惊叫；惊叹：“Help! Help!”she exclaimed.她大声惊叫：
“快来人呀！救命呀！”

▽exclamation [ex-;clam;-ation n.] n.呼喊；惊叹

proclaim [pro-=forward 向前；claim=to cry out 呼喊→“to call or speak forward（before the
public）向前面的公众讲话”→] v. make known before the public;declare or announce officially
宣布；公告：to proclaim a new law 公布一项新法令

▽proclamation [pro-;clam;-ation n.] n.宣布；公告

reclaim [re-=back 回；claim=to call 呼唤→ “to call back (from vice, error, savagery or waste
condition) (从罪恶、错误或荒废状态)召唤回来”→] v. ① reform;civilize 改造；感化：We
reclaimed him from vice.我们使他改恶从善。② bring under cultivation 垦荒：to reclaim fields
from wasteland 开荒造田

▽reclaimable [reclaim;-able a.] a.可改造的；可开垦的
reclaimant [reclaim;-ant n.] n.开垦者；纠正者
reclamation [re-;clam;-ation n.] n.开垦；感化

acclaim [ac-(ad-)=to 对；claim=to call out 呼喊→“to call out cheerfully to somebody 高兴地向
某人呼喊”→] v. hail or praise publicly 欢呼；称赞：His play was acclaimed as a masterpiece.
他的剧本被赞许为杰作。

▽acclamation [ac-;clam;-ation n.] n.欢呼；称赞

clamour [clam=to shout 叫喊；-our n.=the state 表状态→“the state of shouting 叫喊的状态”
→] n.① shout or outcry for demand, appeal, etc.叫喊；呼声：A clamour of protest went up from
the masses.群众发出了抗议的呼声。②noise made by shouting 吵闹声，喧嚷：The clamour of
the traffic gave me a headache.车马喧闹，叫人头痛。

Call V N Shout 呼喊→“To Speak Declaim Speech