Question

17. clud, clus [L]=

Accepted Answer

to shut or close 关闭
clud 和clus 是一对同源异形根，词源是拉丁动词claudere，意思相当于to shut（关闭）。clud
来自不定式词干claud，常见于英语动词；clus 来自动名词词干claus，多见于相应的名词和
形容词。

conclude [con-(com-)=thoroughly 完全地；clud=to shut 关闭；-e→“to shut off thoroughly so as
to bring to an end 完全关闭，使之结束”→] v.① finish 结束：She concluded her speech.她结
束了发言。② settle or decide 决定；断定：The judge concluded that he was guilty.法官判定他
有罪。

conclusion [conclude 的对应名词：conclus=to conclude 结束，决定；-ion n.=the act or result
表行为或结果→“the act or result of concluding 结束，决定的行为或结果”→] n.① end 结束；
结局：to come to a conclusion 告终②final outcome or decision 结论：to draw a conclusion from
facts 从事实得出结论

conclusive [conclude 的对应形容词：conclus=to conclude 结束，决定；-ive a.=characterized by
有……特点的→“characterized by concluding 带有结束或结论特点的”→] a.① final 最后的：
conclusive decision 最后的决定② convincing 确定性的：conclusive evidence 确凿的证据③
decisive 结论性的：a conclusive ruling by the judge 法官的裁决

include [in-=in 内；clud=to shut 关闭；-e→“to shut in 关闭在内”→] v.① contain, or enclose
包含；包住：The nutshell includes the kernel.果壳包住果仁。② comprise as a part 包括：The
freight is included.运费包括在内。

▽includable [includ(e);-able a.] a.可包括在内的
inclusive [in-;clus;-ive a.] a.包围住的；包括的

exclude [ex-=out 外；clud=to shut 关闭；-e→“to shut out 关在外面”] v.① keep from entering;bar
排除在外；排斥：The club excluded him from membership.俱乐部拒绝吸收他。② expel 逐出：
An officer was excluded from his position.一个官员被撤职了。

▽excludable [exclud(e);-able a.] a.可除外的
exclusive [ex-;clus;-ive a.] a.排他的；唯一的

preclude [pre-=beforehand 事先；clud=to shut 关闭；-e→“to shut beforehand in order to keep
out 事先关闭不让进入”→] v.① prevent 免除，预防：She explained it in detail so as to preclude
all doubts.她对此详加说明，以免产生各种疑虑。② make impracticable 阻碍：A prior
engagement will preclude me from coming.另有约会在先，我无法前来。

▽preclusive [pre-;clus;-ive a.] a.预防性的；妨碍的

seclude [se-=apart 分离；clud=to shut 关闭；-e→“to shut oneself apart from others 自我关闭，
与他人隔离”→] v. shut off from association or influence outside 隐居：He almost secludes
himself from the society.他几乎与世隔绝。

▽seclusive [se-;clus;-ive a.] a.隐居性的；爱隐居的

occlude [oc-(ob-)=against 对抗；clud=to shut 关闭；-e→“to shut against going through 关住不
让通过”→] v. stop up, or obstruct 堵塞；闭塞：His imagination was occluded by something.某
件事情阻断了他的思路。

▽occlusive [oc-;clus;-ive a.] a.闭塞的

recluse [re-=back 退；clus=to shut 关闭；-e→“being shut back or away（from active social life）
被关在世外的，退居世外的”→] I. a. retired;secluded 退居林下的；隐居的：a recluse monk
隐居的和尚→Ⅱn. one who lives in a recluse way 隐居者

▽reclusion [re-;clus;-ion n.] n.隐居；遁世
reclusive [re-;clus;-ive a.] a.隐居的；遁世的

Shut 关闭； E→“To V.① Conclude Conclusion Conclusive Preclude Recluse