Question

89. st, stat [L]=

Accepted Answer

to stand 站立
st 和stat 是一对很重要的同源异形根。st 来自拉丁动词stare；stat 是它的动名词词干，意思
都是to stand（站立）。（大家可能会想起，词根sist 的意思也是to stand；其实，sist 的词源
也是stare。）

state [st=to stand 站立；-ate n.=thing 物→“that which stands or is set up 立着的物体，建立的
东西”→] n.① the general mode of things that stand around 总的模样，状态：the state of war
战争状态② the political organization which is set up in a country 政府；国家：capitalist states
资本主义国家

▽statehood [state;-hood n.] n.国家地位
stateless [state;-less a.] a.无国家的；无国籍的
stately [state;-ly a.] a.尊严的，庄重的；雄伟的

station [stat=to stand 站立； -ion n.=the act or state 表行为或状态→ ] n. ① standing;
standing-place; position 停留；站立点；位置② fixed standing-place for trains, buses, planes,
etc. 车站；机场等：railway station 火车站

▽stationary [station;-ary a.] a.固定的；静止的
stay [stay (stat)=to stand 站立→] v. stand and remain rather than go on or leave 停留：Stay here
until I return.呆这儿等我回来。

distance [di-(dis-)=apart 分离；st=to stand 站立；-ance n.=the state 表状态→“the state of
standing apart 分立的状态”→] n.① separation in space;remoteness 相距；远隔：The picture
looks better at a distance.这幅画远看更好。② amount of separation in space or time（空间或
时间的）距离：a distance of 20 miles 20 英里距离

▽distant [di-;st;-ant a.] a.在远处的；久远的

constant [con-(com-)=thoroughly 彻底地；st=to stand 站立；-ant a.=-ing……的→“standing
thoroughly 始终站立的”→] a.① fixed or firm 坚定的：a constant believer in science 坚信科学
的人② continual 持续的：constant growth 持续增长③ unchanging 不变的：constant
temperature room 恒温室

▽constancy [con-;st;-ancy n.] n.坚定；经久不变

circumstance [circum-=around 周围；st=to stand 站立；-ance n.=thing 物→“thing standing around
在周围站立的东西”→] n. fact, condition or event concerned 有关事实、情况等：I want to
consider each circum-stance in turn.我要逐一考虑有关情况。

▽circumstantial [circum-;st;-ant;-ial a.] a.按情况的；偶然的
contrast [contra- = in opposition 相对；st = to stand 站立→“to stand in opposition 相对而立”
→]Ⅰv. set in opposition in order to show differ-ence 使对比：to contrast good and evil 对比善
与恶→Ⅱn. difference in things contrasted 对比物之间的差别：the striking contrast between
wealth and poverty 贫富之间的悬殊差别

ecstasy [ec-(ex-)=out of 外；st=to stand 站立；-asy (-acy) n.=the state 表状态→“the state of
standing out of one's own place because of joy 因为高兴站到自己位置之外去”→] n. being put
out of the normal mental state;excessive joy 出神，入迷；狂喜：He listened to the music with
ecstasy.他听音乐听得出了神。

▽ecstasize [ecstas(y);-ize v.] v.使入迷；使狂喜
ecstatic [ec-;stat;-ic a.] a.入迷的；欣喜若狂的

obstacle [ob-=in the way 拦阻；st=to stand 站立；-acle n.=thing 物→] n. anything that stands in
the way and hinders advance 障碍物：to over-come obstales to progress 排除前进的障碍

rest [re-=back 后；st =to stand 站立→“to stand back or stay behind 站在后面，留在后头”→]
Ⅰv.① stay, or remain 停留；余下② remain or still be 保持着，依然是：The affair rests a riddle.
这件事依然是个谜。→Ⅱ n. persons that still remain;what is left 其余的人；剩余部分：Ten of
us will go, the rest are to stay here.我们去十个人，其余的留在这儿。

Stand State N N.=Thing Set N.=The Stay Remain