Vibrio cholerae is a Gram-negative, comma-shaped, flagellated, oxidase-positive bacterium transmitted via contaminated water and food. It thrives in alkaline media and is sensitive to stomach acid. Its enterotoxin increases cAMP, causing severe "rice-water" diarrhea, treated primarily with oral rehydration solutions.
Vibrio cholerae es una bacteria Gram-negativa con forma de coma, flagelada y oxidasa-positiva que causa el cólera. Es endémico en países en desarrollo y requiere un gran inóculo para la infección. La bacteria es sensible al ácido del estómago y puede sobrevivir en medios alcalinos. El cólera produce una enterotoxina que aumenta el cAMP, lo que provoca una diarrea profusa "agua de arroz". El tratamiento principal es la rehidratación oral.
| Front | V.cholera Features Growth Culture Transmission Toxin Manifestations Treatment |
|---|---|
| Back | Oxidase (+) → MNEMONIC: PVNCH Flagellated Endemic to developing countries (India) Requires large inoculum (high ID50) Sensitive to stomach acid (acid labile) so patient on PPI | H2 blockers | Antacids would propagate V.cholera survival Growth ↓ Alkaline media Transmission ↓ Drink contaminated water Uncooked food (raw shellfish) Toxin ↓ Enterotoxin ↑Gs and ↑cAMP Manifestations ↓ Profuse rice-water diarrhea Treatment ↓ Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) |
Tags: microbiology
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