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Acid Night Ions Malic Hydrogen Starch Day Pathway

Front brief description of CAM
Back malic acid accumulates during the night
dissociation of malic acid causes release of hydrogen ions
hydrogen ions are exchanged with potassium ions
endosmosis causes turgidity and opening of stomata


starch accumulated during the day

thus C4 pathway occurs during the night and C3 pathway during the day

phosphoenolpyruvic acid regenerated during the night from starch

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