Primary succession begins with the colonization of an inhospitable environment by pioneer species, arriving via wind-borne spores or seeds or animal droppings.
La sucesión primaria comienza con la colonización de un entorno inhóspito por especies pioneras, que llegan a través de esporas o semillas transportadas por el viento o por las deposiciones de animales.
| Front | how primary succession begins |
|---|---|
| Back | primary succession begins with colonisation of an inhospitable enviro by pioneer species, who arrive as spores/seeds in wind or as droppings from animals/birds |
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