AQA GCSE ENGLISH LITERATURE

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• Cistern tank
• Division variety
• Cyclical sequence events repeats story
• Information exposition provided stage directions narration dialogue description
• Media res starting middle action
• Parallelism components similar grammar structure meaning sentence multiple
• Refrain word phrase sentence repeated text
• Tricolon parallel clauses words phrases quick succession e.g
• Disenfranchisement vote not having the
• Allegory story character place event convey hidden meaning
• Dialogue conversation people a between
• Microcosm place group people event small-scale represent larger
• Monologue long speech character a
• Morality play form theatre medieval era designed teach
• Mouthpiece  playwright places character play acts spokesman views
• Parable story teach moral spiritual lesson typically told
• Generational divide perceived difference opinions views people ages
• Hierarchy members society ranked status wealth wealthy power
• Realism form theatre focuses everyday middle-class life order
• Time real-time events play happening real life meaning
• Set stage scenery props represent setting play
• Individual several
• Syntactic relating arrangement words sentence text
• Auditory imagery type sensory language appeals reader’s hearing
• Temporal deixis language references manipulates time
• Stage direction instruction script play line character sound
• Transition playwright scenes acts play 
• Concord peace
• Play made form plot strict structure depends reversals
• Whodunit murder mystery identity murderer revealed end process
• Power abuse position commit crime advantage facing consequences
• Olfactory imagery type sensory appeals reader’s sense smell
• Accountability answerable actions decisions giving explanation totally responsible
• Uproar throw confusion into
• Autonomy ability govern including actions decisions
• Bigotry treating views intolerance unfairness
• Callous ignoring cruel insensitive and
• Rend tear
• Make commercialisation managing market profit
• Truest issue legitimate heir
• Commodity valuable object raw material bought sold trade
• Complacency smug confident satisfaction achievements
• Conscience moral sense wrong guides behaviour
• Convention traditional things the way
• Interdiction condemnation
• Culpable taking responsibility blame wrongdoing
• Decadence decline morals culture due allowing excessive pleasure
• Degrade disrespecting presenting someone and
• Dehumanise denying humanity including emotions independent thought
• Didactic intending teach moral lesson
• Blaspheme breed slander family his
• Disillusionment feeling disappointment dissatisfaction discovering good believed politics
• Duty moral legal responsibility obligation
• Ethical morally right
• Exploitation treating unfairly taking advantage benefit work
• Façade front mask put disguise someone’s true character
• Coveted desired
• Farce travesty sham comic degree
• Standard belief hypocrisy claiming acting
• Ideology system beliefs ideals typically forming framework political
• Infallible failing incapable making mistakes
• Infidelity unfaithful partner being to
• Ignominy public shame disgrace or
• Indoctrination teaching group people accept set beliefs question
• Inherent permanent essential part being
• Institution established law practice organisation founded social purpose
• Justice idea people treated rewarded punished fairly
• Justified reasonable being or right
• Misogyny hatred contempt prejudice women reason gender
• Morality principles personal social difference wrong legality religion
• Objectify treating woman object human
• Oxymoron opposing terms two are
• Oppression prolonged mistreatment person group authority government
• Ostracised isolated excluded group society
• Privilege special rights advantages individual typically personal qualities
• Prejudice negative view opinion based experience logic
• Here-approach arrival here
• Reductive presenting viewing oversimplified typically disrespectful crude
• Repression forcefully restraining emotion an
• Reputation viewed general population how
• Scapegoat person blamed faults easy target
• Secular linked religion spirituality not
• Sins deadly believed christian church worst lead immoral
• Socialite well-known important high society attends fashionable social
• Alliteration repetition sound letter close succession
• Society obligation social responsibility idea act benefit
• Stereotype view preconception person thing fixed oversimplified held
• Stigma bad reputation view quality person action e.g
• Toxic masculinity concept traditional male gender roles restrict
• Willful ignorance choosing avoid acknowledging learning don’t make
• Vice behaviour trait immoral a
• Virtue behaviour trait moral a
• Young bright thing member high society 1920s 1930s
• Capitalism economic system trade industry owned privately state
• Party conservative main centre-right political united kingdom promoting
• Cycle poverty individual falls impossible intervention lack means
• Point prepared war at a
• Define manifestation physical expression realisation abstract idea character
• Define metaphor describing person object concept literally recognisable
• Define oxymoron fugure speech contradictory terms succession e.g
• Define parody imitating style genre piece work deliberate
• Define sarcasm opposite means true reasonable,  order mock
• Define satire irony exaggeration humour ridicule criticise someone's
• Text define semantic field words linked concept context
• Define sibilance repetition s sound word sentence section
• Define simile comparing nonliteral roder convey idea quality
• Define situational irony outcome event expected character audience
• Define symbolism character object event represent abstract idea
• Book-ending starting ending piece literature word,sentence event idea
• Chinese box narrative story told perspectives forms e.g
• Journey now we'll together
• Define alliteration repetition sound letter beginning words close
• Define allusion indirect reference concept theme explicit mention
• Define antithesis direct opposite concept person
• Define archetype person thing typical personality type clear
• Define caricature imitation notable characteristics exaggerated comic grotesque
• Define colloquialism informal word phrase normal familiar conversation
• Define connotation impression idea feeling word phrase literal
• Define dramatic irony'  audience situation characters discussing experiencing
• Define dichotomy division contrast opposed things
• Define epithet referring person thing adjective phrase describes
• Define epitome perfect embodiment concept
• Expression define euphemism replacement crude offensive vague mild
• Define foreshadowing giving hint warning future event explicitly
• Define grotesque ugly distorted physically figuratively comic repulsive
• Define hyperbole exaggerating literally in
• Define imagery language create visual picture
• Define innuendo implicit remark hint supposed suggestive inappropriate
• Define interjection sudden remark interruption text
• Define juxtaposition contrasting concepts characters close text
• Chronological events told order occured
• Industrial revolution change manual automatic production manufacturing due
• Party labour main centre-left political united kingdom promoting
• Government economic laissez-faire system doesn’t interfere affairs law
• Party  liberal main central political united kingdom 19th
• Patriarchy form government society power possessed men women
• Social class divide society groups status wealth assumed
• Socialism economic system means production distribution trade owned
• Movement century suffragette women earn vote public elections
• Elite richest powerful successful group society
• Great depression severe worldwide economic downturn lasted causing
• State welfare system government protects promotes individuals social
• Women women’s suffrage vote gained owned property age
• War triple world i global entente france russia
• War allies world ii global beginning france poland
• Allusion indirect reference concept theme explicit mention
• Antithesis rhetorical device contrasting concepts text typically sentence
• Conjecture formulate conclusion based incomplete information
• Connotation text create implied meaning explicitly referring
• Euphemism replacement crude offensive expression vague mild
• Hyperbole exaggerated statements use of
• Mythopoetic reference myths storytelling lead self-understanding group individual
• Semantic field words linked theme topic
• Pathetic fallacy form personification attributing human qualities nonhuman
• Metonymy figure speech refer object concept person
• Foreshadowing indication event occur narrative
• Symbolism object character represent wider concept running
• Epitome perfect ultimate embodiment quality
• Irony embedding meaning language typically implying opposite writer
• Satire criticising people humour irony
• Sibilance repetition s sounds of
• Juxtaposition comparing concepts characters clauses close proximity passage
• Foreboding apprehension bad event occur
• Tricolon parallel phrases words succession text interruption
• Biblical relating bible religious connotations
• Archetype common character type possesses traits typical role
• Colloquialism informal phrase common time utterance
• Epistolary form narrative told letters diary entries
• Parallelism grammatically identical similar components repeated sentence multiple
• Dichotomy contrast beings opposed distinctly
• Novella short roughly words a
• Foil character serves contrast emphasise characteristics
• Fin de siècle end century
• Conventional detective subgenre mystery crime fiction typically featuring
• Expository tool providing background information required understand forthcoming
• Inverse iconic word order inverted sentence e.g subject
• Debased reduced in value
• Terror feeling anticipation dread observed experience induces horror
• Horror feeling revulsion frightening experience
• Morality awareness principles wrong conduct
• Duality simultaneously displaying halves opposite meanings
• Duplicitous state deceitful in the
• Moral myopia unable ethical issues
• Multifaceted outlets to what does
• Dissociate separate
• Gemellology scientific study twins the
• Shilling shocker cheap fiction popular late victorian england
• Darwinism theory evolution species of
• Agnostic prove disprove existence god
• Pious devoutly religious
• Victorian gentleman man society didn’t work required adhere
• Doppelganger double living the of
• Basal essential fundamental or
• Contemporary reader reading book time published
• Catharsis relief derived releasing repressed emotion
• Gothic convention stylistic characteristics texts horror terror supernatural
• Fatalism belief events inevitable predetermined
• Omnipotent powerful all
• Troglodyte repulsive person solitary acts eccentrically society
• Human psyche mind inclusive conscious unconscious
• Augment increase the value
• Subsume absorb thing one into
• Idiosyncrasies behaviours individual peculiar of
• Transmorphism transformation thing a from
• Hedonism self-indulgent life dedicated seeking pleasure
• Physiognomy practice individual’s facial expression characteristics indicative character
• Atavism reverting primitive to something
• Nonlinear narrative form events depicted non-chronological order
• Anaphora word refers previously a
• Freudian slip error speech action reveals unconscious thoughts
• Liminal intermediate state unable defined
• Macbeth stichomythia rapidly alternating lines lady increase pace
• Addressed prepared them themselves
• Hangman's hands  blood-covered hands executioners disembowelled condemned men
• Methought i thought 
• Sleeve ravelled frayed tangled silk
• Life day death day's sleep
• Sore labour's bath hard work's cure
• Balm healing medicine
• Main part meal second course
• Unbend relax weaken
• Filthy witness evidence blood
• Infirm hesitating wavering
• Plenty old of
• Beelzebub devil the
• Gave thee lie knocked the
• Requited lie paid back wrestling trick
• Confusion chaos
• Sacrilegious  unholy 
• Lord's anointed temple duncan's body king god's representative
• Chance  happened  before this had
• Mortality  important life nothing about
• Toys trivialities  unimportant events 
• Lees dregs wine glass of
• Auger tiny
• Tears grief
• Brewed prepared
• Ready foot motion revealed to
• Naked frailties  unclothed bodies weak feelings 
• Question  investigate
• Scruples  doubts
• Undivulged pretence hidden purposes
• Structure semantic fields themes foreshadowing repetition sentence narrative
• Form genre type text play poem appears page
• Highlight important question annotate underline key words extract
• Ao1
• Ao2
• Ao3
• Ao4
• Include plan what you should
• Topic sentences make link essay accross fluent structured
• Introduction main writing introduction/thesis briefly outline write body
• Avoid level inclusion ao2 grade booster irrelevant terms
• Avoid ao3 grade booster generalisation  making elizabethan women
• Include argument question main quote theme relevant make
• Examiner writing question interpretation introduction signpost extract text
• Main paragraphs writing body analysis part essay opportunity
• Talking relevant include main body paragraph topic sentence
• Alternative interpretations show examiner top student engaged text
• Writer show level sentence structures muliple interpretations revealing
• Writer's methods writer deliberately  includes language techniques present
• Events structure text order juxtaposing characters contrasts foils
• Characters contrasts foils illuminates comments actions
• Characterisation characters develop change text writer portrays
• Conclusion writing shouldn’t complete copy thesis depict ideas
• Include conclusion summary spoken relevant contextual factor summarise
• Conclusion paragraph starters conclude to
• Avoid adding context conclusion irrelevant yo cleverly link
• Development ideas show ao1 grade booster write paragraph
• Relevant quotes ao1 grade booster avoid remembering large
• Relevant contextual ao3 grade booster context factors employ
• Betimes swiftly
• Means intervening conditions
• Once ever
• Smacking flavour having the of
• Voluptuousness lust
• Banquo's son fleance what is
• Macbeth concerned start act witches initially predicted banquo's
• Banquo son macbeth hires murderers kill fleance escapes
• Macbeth banquet lady lennox ross lords
• Banquet macbeth sees ghost banquo's body
• Macbeth lady response macbeth's behaviour banquet plays times
• Witches decide act scene meet macbeth trick visions
• Macbeth begin prepare war heard malcolm england
• Blamed banquo's murder fleance who's
• Lennox lord call macbeth tyrant murdered duncan banquo
• Sirrah affectionate sir use of
• Dead metaphorically absent or
• Desolate shade remote place
• Fast firmly tightly
• Mortal fatal daily
• Jealousies suspicions
• Lay thou thy basis rest secure
• Check limit control
• Boot to as well
• Absolute total
• Luxurious lustful lecherous
• Avaricious greedy grasping
• Sudden rash violent
• Marked unnoticed not go
• Modern ecstasy everyday feeling
• Ere or before
• Nice accurate
• Doth hiss speaker stale news
• Teems birth gives to
• Niggard miser
• Latch catch
• General the cause everyone
• Fee-grief personal sorrow
• Heaviest saddest
• Quarry slaughtered animals help of
• Pull hat brows gesture sorrow melancholy
• Naught wicked
• Demerits faults
• Whetstone sharpening stone
• Play mine eyes weep
• Braggart boaster
• Intermission pause action in
• Front face fave to
• Structure
• Structure poet they’re poem carefully thought mirrors thematic
• Unstressed stressed syllable meters run lines combinations place
• Feet units sets stressed unstressed syllables
• Romantic couplets in  poetry suggest poem theme
• Anapest da-da da word un-der stand phrase blink
• Dactyl da da-da word buff al-o phrase act
• Lamb da word em ploy phrase mice men
• Trochee da word ham mer phrase doct wheel
• Meter lines consistent poem sudden breaks don’t adhere
• Meter piece assigning type specific character  reveals details
• Manipulating selecting meter create tones melancholic upbeat  juxtapose
• Poem poetic form describes set rules number lines
• Poets early modern period wrote series sonnets focused
• Sonnet famous type poetic form
• Lines abba italian petrarchan earliest form poem introduced
• Lines shakespearean shakespeare adapted traditional format petrarchan sonnet
• Sonnet miltonic john milton decided stop form write
• Spenserian sonnet shakespearean pioneered english poet 16th century
• Poets tend sonnets traditional structure carries lot historical
• Topic sentence introduces essay stated question class conflict
• Love theme sonnets poetry petrarchan key poet working
• Petrarch explored concept that  poetry art forms outlive
• Lines quatrain villanelle french poetic form stanzas concluding
• Villanelle edwin arlington robinson’s house hill lines stanza
• Ballad narrative song traditionally communicated orally form abcb
• Blank verse written poetry unrhymed iambic pentameter ten
• Ode poem lyric tone formality celebrates person concept
• Epic long narrative poem hero completes journey acts
• Poets keats odes specific rhyme scheme ababcdecde lots
• Internal rhymes words line within
• Half-rhymes pair words rhyme don’t gun thumb
• Lines abab alternate rhyming scheme typical poems four-line
• Sonnets end aabb coupled rhyme couplets popular forms
• Couplets pairs rhyming lines of
• Abcb simple four-lined rhyme poet scheme entire poem
• Ld vowel sounds ba ng half-rhyme stressed syllables
• Internal rhyme easier flexible poet ensure good rhythm
• Word line internal rhyme middle rhyming end stanza
• Ababbcbc ballade lyrical poem typically stanzas lines concluding
• Hot monorhyme lines stanza poem end rhyme called
• Poem significance rhyming schemes it’s integral backbone structure
• Poet choose deviate set rhyming scheme they’ve established
• Keats fears death poem line present i employs
• Paragraphs essay include your for
• Sorts things poe’s poem what
• Paragraphs include question similarities specific comparative poetic writer
• Write structure remember link device back question explain
• Write language remember to  link device back question
• Sentence describes argue essay tensions classes didactic play
• Context play views bring explains/backs argument set rigid
• Portrayed technique sentence writer things argued conflicting time
• Sentence concludes introduction writer piece essay explore class
• Main body paragraphs make essay examine characters birling
• Sentence point introduces making paragraph relates question contrasting
• Technique priestley's dramatic irony  makes modern day audience
• Evidence insert quote back argument i tone page
• Explanation effect technique stage directions  amplifies conflict characters
• Connect writer  writer specific reason inspector mouthpiece priestley
• Signpost point related question priestley conflict characters play
• Essay conclusion sentence shown conclude examined priestley explored
• Conclusion summary sentence paragraph explaining shown explored uneasy
• Context back play conclusion bring bit wider creates
• Question social conclusion concluding sentence link specifics wider
• Class i jb priestley british command specialised throwing
• Priestley bradford witnessed lot poverty working classes city
• Socialist priestley surrounded values raised father proud friends
• War experience priestley's broke priestley volunteered army served
• Priestley's experiences war made realise social inequality consequences
• Priestley war r studied modern history political science
• Show wartime priestley ww2 radio broadcaster bbc postscripts
• Free priestley's outspoken speeches floundering stools acquaintance labelled
• Priestley political co-founder common wealth party socialist point
• Key theme priestley's work responsibility  looked individual collective
• Time priestley fascinated theories developed worked plays looked
• Victorian influence wasn’t written set era culture priestley’s
• Queen set poor work victorian view charity philanthropy
• Poor deserving poverty control individual deserved face starvation
• Women society fallen believed lost innocence grace god
• Women romantic ideal surrounding men's treatment fallen effort
• Men victorians idealised idea gentlemanly chivalry fallen women
• Hierarchy victorians determined obsessed strict rules lot morals
• Victorian double life restraint repression lead great deal
• World wars lasted great change economic political social
• Class rich system experienced bombing meant upper families
• War men jingoism  when britain decision met lot
• World war brought sense bombing meant class families
• Poor health beveridge’s report identified problems stopped people
• Great depression worst economic event industrialisation began wall
• Stock money market wall street crash america’s crashed
• Decreased money wall street crash caused worldwide recession
• Classes great depression meant people experienced dire circumstances
• Classes upper luxurious stately homes estates country escape
• Poverty extreme cities countryside the
• Industrial revolution happened period time impacts refers transition
• Lower classes upper people children early huge distinction
• Class women lower needed work chance working life
• Women working class unmarried ostracised society.   vulnerable lived
• Girls lot upper class men exploited serving female
• Lower classes working expected serve upper treated young
• Working factories controlled industrial revolution class people worked
• Classes fear poor r began victorian era continued
• Poor rich people believed blame troubles lower classes
• Social mobility ability individual family group move classes
• Classes lower working social mobility non-existent couldn’t jobs
• People family heritage coming line wealthy successful carried
• Relationships gerald eva interactions classes marriage mr birling
• Upper lower classes lot closer experienced dreadful things.rationing
• Equal franchise act allowed men women age vote. 
• Lower priestley class divides stereotypes misgivings remained tackle
• Cities industrial revolution accompanied huge growth population income
• Money meaning wealth family decades.  noble royal respectable
• Money meaning wealth family decades noble royal respectable
• Birlings manufacturing money are a
• Croftsq e members nobility possess money
• Work people worked agriculture family businesses suddenly commonplace
• Working conditions atrocious early twentieth century
• Working class families lived slums cities filled communities
• Factories warehouses dirty poorly lit
• People din't access to  clean water working sewage
• Risk death working people exposed dangerous machinery lack
• Inspection working conditions regulations enforced people thought wrong
• Working women fined left work area dirty talked
• Women worked shops strict rules behave front customers
• Average salary women men for

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