Ophthalmic Knowledge for Residents: Pathology

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• Calcific pathology senile plaque shows basophilic deposits sclera
• Retinoblastoma cells trilateral bilateral ectopic intracranial pineal gland
• Epithelium growing sides term cornea termed epithelial downgrowth
• Peters characteristic findings anomaly characterized absence descemet’s membrane
• Pathologic findings ice syndrome corneal edema inappropriate proliferation
• Vessels characteristic findings granulomatosis polyangiitis gpa involved chronic
• Common proptosis adults thyroid-associated orbitopathy pathology muscle bundles
• Cell carcinoma common extraocular tumor spreads eye direct
• Brown pigmented lesion palpebral management conjunctiva primary acquired
• Presentation prognosis management lymphangioma typically present children superior
• Main conclusion large choroidal melanoma trial adjunctive radiotherapy
• Enucleation main conclusion medium choroidal melanoma trial mortality
• Main conclusion small choroidal melanoma trial mortality years
• Cell type produces myelin sheath optic nerve oligodendrocyte
• Function microglial cells clean-up due phagocytic activity
• Function astrocytes support nutrition optic nerve retina
• Pterygia degeneration similarities differences pathology pingueculae fragmented stromal
• Stained periodic acid-schiff pas stain type iv collagen
• Stained prussian blue stain iron
• Stained von kossa stain calcium
• Stained cytokeratin stain squamous epithelium
• Unfavorable invasion thickness favorable risk factors conjunctival melanoma
• Commonly mittendorf dot located remnant hyaloid artery primary
• Classification criteria reese ellsworth retinoblastoma number size location
• Stained verhoeff-van gieson stain elastin
• Marker hmb-45 melanocytic lesions what
• Cells cd3 stain identify t
• Cells cd20 stain identify b
• Warthin-starry stain identify bartonella henselae
• Rate metastasis conjunctival melanoma of
• Visual presentation ciliary body melanoma range completely asymptomatic
• Dermolipoma typically located type choristoma commonly superotemporal quadrant
• Family months patients history unilateral bilateral negative disease
• Fixative routine histopathologic analysis formalin
• Pathology xanthelasma systemic problem shows macrophages large amount
• Spasm reflex excessive convergence accomodation miosis normal ductions
• Stains visualize acanthamoeba h&e pas calcofluor white acridine
• Located koeppe iris nodules conditions pupillary margin granulomatous
• Adenoma sebaceum condition facial angiofibromas red papules found
• Hemangioblastomas condition cerebellar problems von hippel lindau syndrome
• Layer outer plexiform structure cells pathology result composed
• Stained mart-1 immunostain melanocytes what
• High histologic features choroidal melanoma increased rate metastasis
• Tumor predominantly epithelioid cells spindle difference composed versus
• Makes primary secondary tertiary vitreous hyaloid artery vasa
• Hallmark choroidal osteoma epidemiology classic presentation feature benign
• Sarcoid lesions optic nerve granulomas features unique compared
• B scan features choroidal melanoma low amplitude internal
• Grow vitreous growth patterns retinoblastoma endophytic retinal surface
• Corneal pathology appearance genetics lattice dystrophy fusiform deposits
• Tgfb1 corneal dystrophies mutations abnormal keratoepithelin large lattice
• Rank stromal corneal dystrophies highest lowest rate recurrence
• Women breast percentage choroidal metastases history cancer treated
• Important predictive percentage patients ischemic crvo develop nvi/nva
• Gene mutation corneal dystrophy systemic meretoja syndrome present
• Absolute ethanol methanol media crystals e.g corneal urate
• Corneal recurrent affects bowman’s similarities differences reis-bucklers dystrophy
• Appearance eosinophil pathology commonly bilobed nucleus abundant intracytoplasmic
• Intraocular location common site metastases bilobed nucleus abundant
• Rpe dalen-fuchs nodules conditions found small discrete yellowish
• Neoplasm spread systemically fine needle aspiration biopsy retinoblastoma
• Band risk deposited keratopathy factors layer treatment calcium
• Cells retinal glial fibrous membrane process scar formed
• Masson trichrome stain hyaline corneal stroma granular dystrophy
• Blue substance alcian stain pathology acid mucopolysaccaride corneal
• Attachment sites uveal tract sclera scleral spur internal
• Risk factors nevus malignant melanoma tfsom thickness subretinal
• Snowflake degeneration long term complication iols made pmma
• Postoperative complication hydrogel material calcification
• Post-op complication silicone-based iols eyes asteroid hyalosis deposits
• Common crystalline requires appearance nfectious keratopathy commonly bacterium
• Treatment primary acquired melanosis excision cryotherapy
• Ubm b high penetrates difference scan resolution microns
• Pathology giant cell arteritis granulomatous inflammation destroys internal
• Dystrophy marilyn monroe man county stain la macular
• Type granular corneal dystrophy avellino
• Type granular dystrophy reis buckler
• Common etiology anterior capsular fibrosis posterior synechiae causing
• Exam components included initial evaluation child suspected retinoblastoma
• Pathology lipogranulomatous inflammation typically chalazia
• Virus exam shows molluscum contagiosum presentation pathology caused
• Microscopic appearance seborrheic keratosis hyperkeratosis acanthosis polygonal basaloid
• Microscopic appearance papilloma fibrovascular ores finger-like projections epidermis
• Syndrome peters systemic abnormalities time histologic appearance anomaly
• Common iris locations worst mortality prognosis ciliary body
• Chromosome implicated retinoblastoma what is
• Chromosome involved neurofibromatosis type what
• Chromosome involved neurofibromatosis type what
• Chromosome involved tuberous sclerosis tsc1 hamartin tsc2 tuberin
• Syndrome type tumor limbal dermoid choristoma normal tissue
• Radiation charged particle brachytherapy uveal delivers dose difference
• Layers mm choroid main outer choriocapillaris stroma lamina
• Structure amyloid final beta-pleated sheet ultrastructure shows nonbranching
• Stain grocott-gomori methenamine silver mucormycosis nonseptate large branching
• Common non-ocular tumors located field radiation treatment occur
• Basement pathology membrane dystrophy epithelial corneal anterior complications
• Tumor cells spread pathology sebaceous carcinoma foamy cytoplasm
• Common orbital tissue involved sarcoidosis lacrimal gland
• Fixative electron microscopy glutaraldehyde what
• Fixative cytologic preparation ethyl alcohol
• Fixative immunofluorescence michel zeus ●
• Saccomanno medium liquid specimens smears e.g vitreous biopsies
• Collagen acellular layers cornea bowman’s made descemet true
• Pathologic appearance dalen fuchs nodules conditions found located
• Plexiform neurofibroma condition slow growing non-encapsulated lesions consisting
• Seborrheic appearance cysts keratosis circumscribed oval dome shaped
• Muir-torre syndrome multiple sebaceous neoplasms conjunction visceral malignancies
• Erdheim-chester disease subtype xanthogranulomatous pathology shows foamy histiocytes
• Involvement indications enucleation treatment retinoblastoma tumor globe optic
• Types giant cells langhans touton foreign body
• Giant cell langhans pathology conditions horseshoe shaped ring
• Xanthogranuloma ring disease adult onset touton giant cells
• Cells foreign body giant pathology haphazard arrangement nuclei
• Pfv persistent fetal vasculature primary vitreous regress leading
• Years leukocoria common presenting signs retinoblastoma patients strabismus
• Characteristics acanthamoeba keratitis severe pain range inflammation marked
• Lacrimal gland orbital palpebral biopsy structure divides lobes
• Typically surgery pyogenic granuloma histologic appearance granulation tissue
• Red alizarin stain calcium what
• Ivfa shows vascular retinal cavernous hemangioma pathology thin-walled
• Stained ki-67 stain proliferative cells
• Choroidal hemangioma show ivfa large vessels arterial phase
• Rapid appearance retinal hemangioblastoma ivfa av phase filling
• Appearance ivfa coats disease telangiectatic vessels leakage dye
• Pathologies corneal pannus trachoma molluscum contagiosum contact lens
• Malt lymphoma low grade conjunctival
• Muller cell form limiting membrane true basement nuclei
• Diameter mm thickness adult lens depth
• Marginal degeneration horizontal rupture descemet’s membrane vertical oblique
• Noncaseating granulomas sarcoidosis fb reaction fungal infection
• Iris syndrome types iridocorneal endothelial ice essential atrophy
• Soft benign malignant nomenclature neoplasms epithelium tissue hyperplasia
• Melanomas clinical features iris suggestive malignancy growth increased
• Intraocular metastases prognosis patient survival breast cancer metastatic
• Cavernous optic atrophy schnabel occurs glaucoma patients acute
• Vitreous mm areas strongly attached base strongest attachment
• Vitreous separation cortical margin sequence events age-related pvd
• Epithelial ciliary layer faces lining portion body lined
• Epithelium neuroepithelial primitive optic shows cysts medulloepithelioma rare
• Stained s-100 stain melanoma cells
• Inflammation type caused fungal infection necrotizing granulomatous
• 1st lung 2nd common primary tumor sites give
• Layers sclera outermost innermost episclera stroma makes majority
• Capsule lens anterior true exfoliation lamellar delamination leads
• Lens appearance rubella cataract microspherophakia retained fiber nuclei
• Shape bleeding nerve fiber layer flame shaped
• Shape blood plexiform nuclear outer dot blot circular
• Shape bleeding sub-hyaloid sub-ilm space boat shaped
• Pattern fluid outer plexiform layer petaloid/star shaped
• Sclerocornea cornea common association typical genetics plana nonprogressive
• Mucopolysaccharide spaces optic elderly material cystic cavernous atrophy
• Large enucleation choroidal mm radiotherapy collaborative ocular melanoma
• Medium choroidal mm collaborative ocular melanoma trial definition
• Small choroidal melanoma mm mortality collaborative ocular trial
• Features mm absence monitor months predictive factors malignant
• Cells synapse lateral geniculate nucleus ganglion
• Cells tonic stimulated cones project layer important color
• Pleomorphic adenoma managed benign epithelial tumor lacrimal gland
• Cells tumor antoni schwannoma histology encapsulated benign arises
• Descemet’s membrane makes zone layer cornea substance produced
• Immunostains melanocytes hmb-45 melan ●
• Stained desmin stain smooth skeletal muscle diagnosing rhabdomyosarcoma
• Chromogranin stain cells neuroendocrine origin positive merkel carcinoma
• Adenoid cystic carcinoma histology prognosis management swiss cheese
• Stained colloidal iron stain glycosaminoglycans blue macular corneal
• Stain oil red o diagnose fresh tissue specimens
• Stained sudan black b lipid diagnosing sebaceous cell
• Stained congo red stain amyloid orange-red color lattice
• Typical presentation choroidal metastases flat ill-defined yellow-white gray-yellow
• Location basal cell carcinoma invade orbit medial canthus
• Optic nerve glioma treatment loss common cell origin
• Granulomatous conjunctivitis sarcoidosis bartonella syphilis
• Treatment ocular lymphoma radiation intravitreal methotrexate systemic chemotherapy
• Liver testing abdomen/chest evaluation metastatic choroidal melanoma imaging
• Common sites conjunctival melanoma metastasis head neck lymph
• Common type isotope brachytherapy treat choroidal melanoma iodine
• Goblet cells commonly found function common fornices inferonasal
• Surface corneal tear film hydrophobic functions mucin produced
• Differential leukocoria persistent fetal vasculature retinal detachment congenital
• Common location squamous cell carcinoma eyelid lower arise
• Benign mass ciliary epithelium fuchs adenoma pathology body
• Tissue frozen determine diagnosis indications sections margins clear
• Stains diagnose amyloid congo red thioflavin t fluorescent
• Agar cultures aerobic bacteria blood chocolate thioglycollate broth
• Anaerobic agar phenylethyl alcohol chamber broth cultures bacteria
• Agar cultures mycobacteria blood lowenstein-jensen
• Agar 25°c cultures fungi blood sabouraud dextrose brain-heart
• Agar cultures acanthamoeba non-nutrient bacterial overlay e coli
• Common associations symptoms types cataracts nuclear sight greater
• Common fungal keratitis fusarium occur southern treatment natamycin
• Organisms amphotericin b treat candida aspergillus made compounding
• I.e pagetoid spread individual cell proliferation malignant melanocytes
• Melanoma pam risk progression atypia rarely progresses
• Vacuolation iris pigment lacy epithelium diabetes blood sugars
• Strongest point sclerouveal attachment major emissarial canals anterior
• Thickness sclera posterior extraocular muscle insertion mm
• Sclera part merges dura optic nerve sheath outer
• Corneal histology epithelial shows meesmann dystrophy genetic associations
• Dissection enucleated globe desired section majority specimen pupil-optic
• Formalin processing eye prior method fixative open soaking
• Cells posterior chronic risk factors subcapsular cataract topical
• Pathology rosenthal fibers optic nerve gliomas
• Pathologies psammoma bodies optic nerve meningioma pituitary prolactinoma
• Pathology homer wright rosettes neuroblastoma medulloblastoma cerebellum retinoblastoma
• Elevated neoplastic processes inflammatory il-10 il-6 cytokines suggestive
• Pericytes hemangiopericytoma orbit uncommon encapsulated tumors present midlife
• Common type malignant intraocular orbital tumor metastases
• Common type primary malignant intraocular tumor adults choroidal
• Common primary intraocular tumor children retinoblastoma
• Common route retinoblastoma spreads eye optic nerve
• Lymphoma involves types spread eye primary central nervous
• Cystic spaces retina form level layer types peripheral
• Henderson-patterson corpuscles eosinophilic inclusion bodies molluscum contagiosum
• Treatment cin complete excision cryotherapy surgical margins adjunctive
• Cyst hair glands dermoid commonly located lined stratified
• Common organism causing infectious crystalline keratopathy strep viridans
• Pathology elongated ciliary processes persistent fetal vasculature
• Disinsertion longitudinal muscle ciliary body scleral spur describes
• Tear longitudinal circular fibers ciliary muscle describes anterior
• Common benign orbital tumor adults cavernous hemangioma
• Common malignant orbital tumor adults lymphoma
• Common primary intraocular tumor adults melanoma
• Common intraocular tumor metastases what
• Benign common orbital tumor children capillary hemangioma sources
• Common malignant orbital tumor kids rhabdomyosarcoma
• Carotid stenosis endarterectomy criteria intervening north american symptomatic
• Congenital horner’s syndrome birth trauma-related brachial plexus injuries
• Waardenburg syndrome classic findings rare genetic disorder due
• Types rhabdomyosarcoma alveolar malignant awful embryonal common pleomorphic
• Capillary hemangioma typical prognosis proliferation endothelial cells rapid
• Antibody production goldmann-witmer coefficient test compares intraocular serum
• Ocular adverse effects reactive oxygen species cataract armd
• Schwalbe line syndrome posterior embryotoxon prominent anterior displacement
• Appearance iris histologic nevus proliferation branching dendrites melanocytic
• Histologic appearance spindle-b cell type melanoma plump spindle-shaped
• Histologic appearance epithelioid melanoma polyhedral cells large round
• Classic histologic appearance juvenile xanthogranuloma large histiocytes foamy
• Ghost classic histologic appearance cell glaucoma small khaki-colored
• Classic histologic appearance phacolytic glaucoma lipid-laden macrophages
• Classic histologic appearance cmv infection retinal necrosis large
• Cells classic histologic appearance retinoblastoma round oval nuclei
• Uveal classic histologic appearance bilateral diffuse melanocytic proliferation
• Classic histologic appearance tuberculosis caseating granulomas
• Paradoxical pupils constriction response darkness retinal dystrophies optic
• Appearance mixed-cell type melanomas spindle-shaped polyhedral melanocytic cells
• Risk systemic increases disease rank lymphoma lowest highest
• Appearance dalen-fuchs nodules histology epithelioid histiocytes lymphocytes bruchs
• Typical keratoacanthoma rapid growth weeks history spontaneous regression
• Fibrous mesenchymal tumors histiocytoma osteoma solitary dysplasia rhabdomyosarcoma
• Persistent findings prominent hyaloid vessels genetic association fetal
• Lens epithelium duplication cataract caused metaplasia causing anterior
• Advantages disadvantages cells flow cytometry shows percentage specimen
• Foreign antigenic site antibody molecule idiotope epitope
• Neisseria haemophilus organisms invade intact corneal epithelium gonorrhoeae
• Normal tissue abnormal location definition choristoma hamartoma limbal
• Determines color iris size number melanin pigment granules
• Histologic appearance sarcoidosis noncaseating granulomas conjunctival nodules
• Mhc i beta encoded gene class alpha subunit
• Hyperpigmentation white ocular melanocytosis oculodermal melanocytosis nevus ota
• Appearance fibrous histiocytoma histology proliferation spindle fibroblasts plump
• Melanomas risk iris light epidemiology factors histology indications
• Histologic feature high risk malignancy conjunctival pigmented lesion
• Appearance compound nevus histology epithelial cysts substantia propria
• Regulators anterior chamber immune deviation acaid transforming growth
• Immune function interferon gamma infiltration neutrophils macrophages
• Role substance p play immunity vascular permeability leukocyte
• Role tnf-alpha play immunity involved mononuclear cell infiltration
• Syndrome rpe hamartomas familial adenomatous polyposis autosomal dominant
• Gardner syndrome characterized familial adenomatous polyposis cutaneous cysts
• Chrpe solitary demarcated flat darkly pigmented subretinal plaque
• Eccrine hidrocystoma cyst develops glands tend cluster lower
• Cyst apocrine hidrocystoma arising glands moll aka appears
• Epidermoid cyst white rubbery firm lined stratified squamous
• Biopsy sebaceous adenocarcinoma wide surgical excision mandatory conjunctival
• Conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia cin full thickness dysplasia epithelial
• Optic nerve differential pseudopapilledema drusen hyperopic disc prominent
• Cell histologic definition macula ganglion layer thicker single
• Histologic definition foveola cone photoreceptors ganglion cells nucleated
• Features phthisical globe sad shrinkage atrophy disorganization low
• Granulomatous inflammation zonal nodular diffuse pathology phacoantigenic uveitis
• Drusen macular differential patients younger years age familial
• Role insulin-like growth factor eye responsible abnormal hyperplastic
• Role fibroblast growth factor eye accelerates corneal wound
• Recessive mucopolysaccharidoses mpss errors metabolism impaired lysosomal storage
• Glaukomflecken necrotic lens epithelial cells degenerated subepithelial cortex
• Hyperpigmentation atrophy neoplasms common ocular xeroderma pigmentosum autosomal
• Corneal ichthyoses congenital autosomal dominant skin disorder characterized

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